Despite legal prohibitions, caste inequalities persist in India. Economic disparities are evident as Scheduled Castes and Tribes face limited access to land, education, and quality employment, resulting in lower incomes and higher poverty. Social discrimination continues, particularly in rural areas, through practices like untouchability, segregated housing, and exclusion from public resources, denying dignity. Educational inequalities are reflected in lower literacy and higher dropout rates among marginalized castes, hindering their progress. In political representation, while reservations exist, true power often remains with dominant groups. Marriage practices largely remain endogamous, with inter-caste unions still facing ostracism. These show caste's ongoing impact on life chances.