What is the fundamental difference between 'weather' and 'climate'?
Options
Weather refers to long-term average conditions, while climate is the day-to-day atmospheric state.
Weather describes the state of the atmosphere over a short period, whereas climate refers to the average weather conditions observed over a long period, typically 30 years or more.
Weather only includes temperature, while climate includes all elements like wind and humidity.
Climate changes hourly, but weather remains constant for months.
Explanation
Weather refers to the atmospheric conditions at a particular place and time, describing it for a short duration (e.g., day-to-day, hour-to-hour). Climate, on the other hand, is the average weather pattern observed over a very long period, typically 25-30 years or more, for a large region. Option 1 incorrectly reverses these definitions. Options 3 and 4 present factually incorrect statements regarding the elements and stability of weather and climate.