Source: Extra Practice

Describe the role of gastric juices and hydrochloric acid in the human stomach during the digestion process.

Model Answer

Gastric juices are secreted by glands in the stomach wall. They contain enzymes and hydrochloric acid. Hydrochloric acid makes the medium acidic, which is necessary for the pepsin enzyme to act on proteins, breaking them down into simpler substances. It also kills many bacteria that enter along with the food, preventing infections. The enzymes in gastric juice, primarily pepsin, begin the digestion of proteins in the stomach.

Explanation

Key points: Mention of acidic medium, activation of pepsin, protein digestion, and killing of bacteria.