The angle between the two circles S1:x2+y2=25 and S2:x2+y2−8x−6y+21=0 is:
Options
A.
Option A is correct
cos−1(51)
(Correct)
B.
Option B
cos−1(52)
C.
Option C
cos−1(53)
D.
Option D
cos−1(54)
Explanation
For the first circle S1:x2+y2=25: its center is C1=(0,0) and its radius is r1=5.
For the second circle S2:x2+y2−8x−6y+21=0: its center is C2=(−(−8)/2,−(−6)/2)=(4,3). Its radius is r2=42+32−21=16+9−21=25−21=4=2.
The distance between the centers d=C1C2=(4−0)2+(3−0)2=16+9=25=5.
To check if the circles intersect, we compare d with r1+r2 and ∣r1−r2∣.
r1+r2=5+2=7.
∣r1−r2∣=∣5−2∣=3.
Since ∣r1−r2∣<d<r1+r2 (i.e., 3<5<7), the circles intersect.
The angle θ between two intersecting circles is given by the formula cosθ=2r1r2r12+r22−d2.
Substituting the values:
cosθ=2(5)(2)52+22−52=2025+4−25=204=51.
Therefore, the angle between the circles is θ=cos−1(51).