Indians were outraged by the 1919 Rowlatt Act because it was passed hurriedly, overriding unanimous Indian opposition, showing utter disregard for their views. The Act granted the government autocratic powers to suppress political activities, notably allowing detention without trial for up to two years. This draconian provision directly attacked fundamental civil liberties like habeas corpus. After supporting Britain in World War I, Indians anticipated democratic reforms; instead, they received this repressive 'Black Act.' It was perceived as a profound betrayal and a tool to crush nationalist dissent, sparking widespread anger and prompting Mahatma Gandhi's call for the Rowlatt Satyagraha.